In the Sahel, communities mostly depend on rainfed agriculture and pastoralism in the face of climate uncertainty and frequent droughts. The current study synthesis from the Stockholm Resilience Centre examines the relationships among ecosystem services, livelihoods, and resilience. Three important findings are highlighted in the study: (2) Sahelian landscapes are multifunctional, requiring development interventions that take into account a variety of local benefits and avoid trade-offs; (3) decentralized governance and village-level leadership are essential for maintaining improved natural resource management practices; and (4) the growing density of trees and shrubs—managed by local farmers—has improved ecosystem services, though changes in species composition may threaten long-term ecological functionality. These results highlight the necessity of participative, context-sensitive methods for fostering resilience and practicing sustainable land management in areas at risk from climate change.