Climate Adaptation and Security in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, a paper from the Global Center on Adaptation, emphasizes how climate change increases the likelihood of instability and violence in these areas. It demonstrates how frequent droughts, floods, and water stress interact with poor governance and high vulnerability, intensifying land and water competition, causing relocation, and escalating social tensions. Investments in climate adaptation, such as climate-smart livelihoods, resilient infrastructure, better water governance, and locally driven adaptation, can increase peace and resilience, build institutions, and lessen insecurity. The paper suggests enhancing early warning systems, funding local coordination, expanding community-based adaptation, bolstering inclusive governance, and monitoring the ways in which adaptation promotes social cohesion and stability.
https://gca.org/reports/climate-adaptation-and-security-in-the-sahel-and-horn-of-africa/