In the Sahel and West Africa, pastoralists are among those most vulnerable to insecurity due to their mobility, yet their views are hardly heard. Almost 1,700 herders from seven nations and twenty-three administrative regions in the Central Sahel (Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger) and its surrounding areas (Côte d’Ivoire, Benin, Togo, Nigeria) were interviewed for this study. The Billital Maroobé Network (BMN) launched the project to examine this sense of vulnerability among herders. It demonstrates unequivocally that while the great majority of herders are victims of insecurity, a small percentage are participants in armed movements and have therefore turned into players. As a result, the security issue and pastoralism get trapped in a vicious loop. Pastoralists are often the first casualties of violence and conflicts caused by armed organizations, whose growth is fueled by the crises of pastoralism in rural areas. Violence against pastoralists results in their poverty and bleak future, which could worsen the security situation. The purpose of this study is to map out a path out of these pastoral difficulties and reinforce security.